{"id":8894,"date":"2021-07-12T08:46:27","date_gmt":"2021-07-12T08:46:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/museo.inf.upv.es\/?page_id=8894"},"modified":"2021-07-13T08:46:49","modified_gmt":"2021-07-13T08:46:49","slug":"fortran","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/museo.inf.upv.es\/va\/fortran\/","title":{"rendered":"Fortran"},"content":{"rendered":"
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<\/p>\n

El Llenguatge de Programaci\u00f3 FORTRAN<\/strong><\/h1>\n
\"Jhon

Jhon W. Backus, impulsor del desenvolupament de FORTRAN<\/p><\/div>\n

Desenvolupat per IBM<\/strong> el 1950<\/strong> per a reduir l\u2019esfor\u00e7 d\u2019implementaci\u00f3 de solucions a tasques cient\u00edfiques i d\u2019enginyeria (fins en aquella data desenvolupades en llenguatge d\u2019assemblador). El desenvolupament de FORTRAN<\/strong> va ser paral\u00b7lel al dels compiladors, va ser el primer llenguatge que tingu\u00e9 compilador i que permetia portar programes a distintes m\u00e0quines. A m\u00e9s, molts canvis i l\u2019evoluci\u00f3 dels compiladors estigueren motivats per al necessitat que FORTRAN<\/strong> generara codi eficient.<\/p>\n

Primer dels llenguatges de programaci\u00f3 moderns<\/em>, la seua sintaxi ha envellit malament (ja el 1968, un article signat pels creadors de BASIC<\/a> el qualificava de \u201cpassat de moda\u201d). Tanmateix, malgrat que la comunitat no el considerara llenguatge de prop\u00f2sit general, FORTRAN<\/strong> \u00e9s el llenguatge de programaci\u00f3 que domin\u00e0 el desenvolupament d\u2019aplicacions cient\u00edfiques durant quasi sis d\u00e8cades. Fins i tot avui dia (2021) ocupa la 20a posici\u00f3 en el r\u00e0nquing TIOBE<\/a> de popularitat de llenguatges de programaci\u00f3 (34a el 2020).<\/p>\n

\"Algunos

Alguns dels creadors de FORTRAN en 1982. Font: IBM<\/p><\/div>\n

FORTRAN<\/strong> ha sigut essencial en \u00e0rees de c\u00e0lcul intensiu, com ara astronomia, din\u00e0mica de fluids computacional, an\u00e0lisi d\u2019elements finits, modelatge i predicci\u00f3 del clima o simulaci\u00f3 de sat\u00e8l\u00b7lits. Aix\u00f2 va fer que les distintes versions estandarditzades mantingueren compatibilitat amb les anteriors, alhora que inclo\u00efen capacitats des de la programaci\u00f3 estructurada (el 1977), orientaci\u00f3 a objectes (el 2003) o programaci\u00f3 concurrent (el 2008).<\/p>\n

Actualment, la disponibilitat de grans llibreries especialitzades (implementades en C o C++<\/a> habitualment) fa que la comunitat cient\u00edfica estiga migrant a nous llenguatges d\u2019alt nivell, com s\u00f3n Python o Matlab. Tot aix\u00f2 va fer que FORTRAN<\/strong> incorporara des de 2003 facilitats de conversi\u00f3 a C<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Actualment, moltes de les tasques d\u2019avaluaci\u00f3 del rendiment dels nous supercomputadors estan escrites en FORTRAN<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n

<\/p>\n

\n

FORTRAN<\/h3>\n
Naixement:1957
Evoluci\u00f3: FORTRAN II (1958); FORTRAN IV (1962); FORTRAN 66; FORTRAN 77; Fortran 90; Fortran 95; Fortran 2003; Fortran 2008; Fortran 2018;
Influ\u00e8ncies de: —
Influeix en: Algol 58; BASIC; C; PL1<\/b><\/div>\n

<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

El Llenguatge de Programaci\u00f3 FORTRAN Desenvolupat per IBM el 1950 per a reduir l\u2019esfor\u00e7 d\u2019implementaci\u00f3 de solucions a tasques cient\u00edfiques i d\u2019enginyeria (fins en aquella data desenvolupades en llenguatge d\u2019assemblador). El desenvolupament de FORTRAN va ser paral\u00b7lel al dels compiladors, va ser el primer llenguatge que tingu\u00e9 compilador i que permetia portar programes a distintes […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-8894","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","post"],"yoast_head":"\nFortran - Web del Museo de Inform\u00e1tica 2.0<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/museo.inf.upv.es\/fortran\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Fortran - Web del Museo de Inform\u00e1tica 2.0\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"El Llenguatge de Programaci\u00f3 FORTRAN Desenvolupat per IBM el 1950 per a reduir l\u2019esfor\u00e7 d\u2019implementaci\u00f3 de solucions a tasques cient\u00edfiques i d\u2019enginyeria (fins en aquella data desenvolupades en llenguatge d\u2019assemblador). 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