{"id":8898,"date":"2021-07-12T08:47:50","date_gmt":"2021-07-12T08:47:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/museo.inf.upv.es\/?page_id=8898"},"modified":"2021-07-14T16:34:35","modified_gmt":"2021-07-14T16:34:35","slug":"lisp","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/museo.inf.upv.es\/va\/lisp\/","title":{"rendered":"LISP"},"content":{"rendered":"
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<\/p>\n

El Llenguatge de Programaci\u00f3 LISP<\/strong><\/h1>\n
\"John<\/a>

John McCarthy (1927\u20132011). The father of Artificial Intelligence.\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n

LISP<\/strong> \u00e9s el segon llenguatge de programaci\u00f3 de m\u00e9s antiguitat, que es va publicar al MIT<\/strong> despr\u00e9s de Fortran<\/a> i poc abans de COBOL<\/a>. Creat per a seguir la notaci\u00f3 matem\u00e0tica del c\u00e0lcul lambda d\u2019Alonzo Church. Entre altres aportacions, LISP<\/strong> va introduir l\u2019estructura cond, que implementava, ara essencial, l\u2019estructura IF\u2026THEN\u2026ELSE.<\/p>\n

LISP<\/strong> va introduir la possibilitat de definir estructures de dades arborescents i els tipus din\u00e0mics de dades. La primera cosa que recorda qualsevol persona que haja utilitzat LISP<\/strong> \u00e9s la seua sintaxi basada en la notaci\u00f3 polonesa i l\u2019\u00fas extensiu de llistes (LISP<\/strong> prov\u00e9 de \u201cLIS<\/strong>t P<\/strong>rocessor\u201d). Les seues caracter\u00edstiques fan f\u00e0cil el disseny de regles \u00fatils per a la definici\u00f3 del comportament en escenaris complexos, que el va fer favorit en el camp de la intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia artificial. Una de les particularitats destacades de LISP<\/strong> \u00e9s que el codi mateix estiga estructurat en forma de llistes, que siga accessible, i modificable, pel mateix codi.<\/p>\n

\"Peter<\/a>

Peter Seibel LISP Book online<\/p><\/div>\n

LISP<\/strong> \u00e9s un llenguatge habitualment interpretat que, unit al fet que considera la recursi\u00f3 com a estructura de control, fa que no fora molt eficient en les primeres versions. Si b\u00e9 en els anys 90 va experimentar un cert declivi, a partir del llibre de Peter Seibel (accessible en l\u00ednia de forma gratu\u00efta) despert\u00e0 de nou inter\u00e8s, i actualment hi ha una comunitat activa que ofereix recursos i f\u00f2rums de discussi\u00f3. Actualment (2021), Common Lisp<\/strong> i Scheme<\/strong> s\u00f3n les versions m\u00e9s esteses.<\/p>\n

Que fora dels primers llenguatges publicats va fer que, \u00f2bviament, influ\u00efra en molts altres (Smalltalk<\/a>,\u00a0ALGOL), si b\u00e9 l\u2019estructura radical de LISP<\/strong> (que considera el mateix tipus tant per a la definici\u00f3 del codi com per a estructurar les dades) fa que no puguen aconseguir la coher\u00e8ncia i sinergia d\u2019aquest.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n

<\/p>\n

\n

LISP<\/h3>\n
Naixement<\/strong>: 1958
Evoluci\u00f3<\/strong>: Common Lisp (1984); ANSI Common Lisp (1994);
Influ\u00e8ncies de<\/strong>: IPL
Influeix en<\/strong>: ALGOL; Scheme; CLISP; Haskell; JavaScript; Logo; Smalltalk; Perl; Python; R;<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

El Llenguatge de Programaci\u00f3 LISP LISP \u00e9s el segon llenguatge de programaci\u00f3 de m\u00e9s antiguitat, que es va publicar al MIT despr\u00e9s de Fortran i poc abans de COBOL. Creat per a seguir la notaci\u00f3 matem\u00e0tica del c\u00e0lcul lambda d\u2019Alonzo Church. Entre altres aportacions, LISP va introduir l\u2019estructura cond, que implementava, ara essencial, l\u2019estructura IF\u2026THEN\u2026ELSE. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-8898","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","post"],"yoast_head":"\nLISP - Web del Museo de Inform\u00e1tica 2.0<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/museo.inf.upv.es\/lisp\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"LISP - Web del Museo de Inform\u00e1tica 2.0\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"El Llenguatge de Programaci\u00f3 LISP LISP \u00e9s el segon llenguatge de programaci\u00f3 de m\u00e9s antiguitat, que es va publicar al MIT despr\u00e9s de Fortran i poc abans de COBOL. Creat per a seguir la notaci\u00f3 matem\u00e0tica del c\u00e0lcul lambda d\u2019Alonzo Church. Entre altres aportacions, LISP va introduir l\u2019estructura cond, que implementava, ara essencial, l\u2019estructura IF\u2026THEN\u2026ELSE. 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